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(No Model.)

B. E. JOHNSON & O. S. MOAK. W1ndm1ll No. 233,353. Patented Oct. 19, 1880.

W W W in, the wheel, showing one group of blades.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EAVER E. JOHNSON AND CHARLES S. MOAK, OF SUN PRAIRIE, WISCONSIN.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming; part of Letters Patent No. 233,353, dated October 19, 1880.

Application filed March 25, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, EAVER E. JOHNSON and CHARLES S. MOAK, of Sun Prairie, in the county of Dane and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vaneless Windmills; and we do hereby declare that the followingis afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying; drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Our invention relates to vaneless windmills, and more particularly to a certain class thereof which are provided with fanwheels whose blades are self-adjusting and are made to as; sume a vertical or horizontal position and to approach or recede from the housing of the mill,.according to the velocity and force of the air-current driving them, thus preventing both too swift a motion of the fan and too great a strain 011 the frame-work or housing of the mill.

The invention consists in a sliding fan-shaft, which bears the hub of the fan-wheel, passing through and revolving with a head from which arms react to actuating-levers on the fan-wheel, and in the arrangement of the side braces and cover forming the housing of the mill.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, in section, showing difierent positions of the blades in dotted line. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of Fig. 3 is a detail of the eccentric and pitman. Fig. 4. is a detail, showing the arrangement of the head, with the half-box and enlargement in the box, with the enlarged collar or flange of the head in dotted lines.

Similar reference-letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

Ais the stock or cylinder, of a slightly-conical form inverted, which has a square hollow head, and is shouldered on the side to receive and support the braces O O. The braces reach forward and back and sustain the boxes D and E, in which the fan-shaft and head find support. The box D is made in the usual manner 5 but the boxE is provided with an enlarged bore in its outside face to receive a circular flange, g, on the shank of the head G.

The shaft F passes through both boxes and the head G, and extends beyond to receive at one end the hub H, to which the wheel-arms are attached, and at the other the fixed head P. About the middle of its length the shaft is made square, and slides through an eccentric, b, to which is attached the pitman B.

The head G has an enlarged flange, g, which enters the enlarged bore in the outer face of the box E. The half-box N extends partially around the shank ofthe head G, fitting against the flange g, and is fastened to the box E. This arrangement prevents horizontal motion in the head G, while it allows it to revolve. From the head G extend arms L, which are pivoted to the head and to lever attachments l on a bar uniting a group of fan-blades. Through the medium of these arms L the head G is caused to revolve with the fan-wheel, while it does not move horizontally with the shaft.

Arms K K are fastened to the hub H, and reach out and have hinged to them the bars on the fan-blades. The fan-blades are arranged in groups, and are governed in their position by the arms and levers L I. At the rear end of the fan-shaft is a weighted lever, T, attached to the fixed head P, and having its fulcrum on a horizontal arm, V, run out from the head of the mill. A cord is fastened to the fixed head P, and passes over a pulley,W, down the stock, in order to provide a means for hoisting the lever and throwing out the fan-blades to the Wind.

It will be seen that by releasing the cord the weighted lever will draw the sliding shaft through the boxes and throw the fan-blades into a vertical position, and at the same time bring them close up to the mill. This saves the mill from the severe shock and strain that would be occasioned by high winds against the extended fan-wheel removed some distance from the mill. With this arrangement there is no danger of breaking the shaft, as is often the casein vaneless windmills. The weighted lever always has a tendency to draw the blades to a vertical position unless controlled by the draw-string. The highest gale may be thus utilized without violent action of the mill, and the softest winds are still suficient to drive it.

A cap, X, is placed over the head to protect justable by being made to slide up or down the lever.

The blades are preferably set inclined, as shown.

\Ve claim 1. The braces C U, resting upon shoulders on the stock A and bolted to the square head thereof, supporting; the boxes D and E, and the cover X, arranged as described.

2. The sliding shaft F, bearing at one end the hub H, to which are mediately attached the groups of adjustable fan-blades, and at the other the weighted lever T, in combination with the head G, and arm and lever L 1, arranged to throw the fan-wheel away from or draw it toward the head of the mill, substantially as set forth.

The braces C C are con- I 3. The head G, revolving with the sliding shaft F, held in place by mean ,of the flange 2 at its inner end, and half-box in combination with the adjustable fan-wheel, suitable means for connecting the latter to the head G, and sliding shaft, as set forth.

4. The mill consisting of the stock A, braces 30 C 0, boxes D E, and working parts, being the sliding shaft F, eccentric b, pitman B, hub H, and arms K, adjustable fan-wheel with blades arranged in groups, head G, arm and lever L l, fixed head P, weighted lever T, and cord and 5 pulley W, all arranged, combined, and operating substantially as shown and described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we atfix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

EAVER E. JOHNSON. CHARLES S. MOAK.

Witnesses:

GEo. H. WATKINSON, EDGAR Fox. 

